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雅思寫作怎樣使句子多樣化
一篇好文章的條件很多。除了內(nèi)容豐富和組織緊密之外,詞匯的運(yùn)用和句子的處理,也起著決定性作用。
句子可長(zhǎng)可短,同一件事,可以用不同的句式表達(dá)。如果句子清一色是簡(jiǎn)單句,文章必定很單調(diào)乏味。如果全篇充滿了冗長(zhǎng)的復(fù)雜句,讀起來也很費(fèi)力。最好的方法是以簡(jiǎn)單句為基礎(chǔ),配合適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘芯浜蛷?fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句可長(zhǎng)可短,通常要加些附屬成分,如分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)、不定式動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),以及節(jié)縮成分。
總之,作者可根據(jù)情況,使句子多樣化,使文章靈活多姿。例如下列五個(gè)句子的基本概念一樣,但是句式不同,內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)也有些差別:
(1)Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句(1)+2)
。2)Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(現(xiàn)在分語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)+簡(jiǎn)單句)
。3)Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副詞短語(yǔ)+并列分句(1)-(2))
。4)Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(簡(jiǎn)單句+形容語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))
。5)Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(原因副詞從句+主句)
。1)和(5)的句式最常見;如果加上其他三種互相交替,句子不是更多樣化嗎?
最后,看看這兩個(gè)句子要如何多樣化呢?
。6)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.
。7)Hefeltveryuneasy.
。╝)Theyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.
。╞)Theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.
(c)Theyoungpilot’sfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.
。╠)Extremeuneasinessseizedtheyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastraining.
(e)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.
(f)Itbeinghisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.
。╣)Beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.
。╤)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.
。╥)Theyoungpilot,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.
。╦)Whentheyoungpilotwasonhis/firstoverseastrainging,hefeltveryuneasy.
。╧)Astheyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.
(l)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.
在上述12個(gè)句子中,(a)-(g)是簡(jiǎn)單句;(h)是并列句;(i)-(l)是復(fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句除(b)和(g)之外,其他五樣,用的人并不多。人們最喜歡采用復(fù)雜句,尤其是(j)和(k)這兩款;接著便是并列句(h)。如果大多數(shù)人的句子只限于(b),(g),(h),(j)和(k)這五種,而其他的則棄如敝屣,不是很可惜嗎?
增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)句表現(xiàn)力的有效方法
一、避免使用語(yǔ)意弱的“be”動(dòng)詞。
1、把句中的表語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為不同的修飾語(yǔ)。例如:
Weak:Thetreesarebare.Thegrassisbrown.Thelandscapeseemsdrab.Revision:Thebrowngrassandbaretreesformadrablandscape.(轉(zhuǎn)換為前置定語(yǔ))
Or:Thelandscape,bareandbrown,beggedforspringgreen.(轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語(yǔ))
2、將作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞或名詞變?yōu)樾袨閯?dòng)詞。例如:
1)Weak:Theteammembersaregoodplayers.
Revision:Theteammembersplaywell.
2)Weak:Oneworker’splanistheeliminationoftardiness.
Revision:Oneworker’splaneliminatestardiness.
3、在以“here”或“there”開頭的句子中,把“be”動(dòng)詞后的名詞代詞變成改寫句的主語(yǔ)。例如:
1)Weak:Thereisnoopportunityforpromotion.
Revision:Noopportunityforpromotionexists.
2)Weak:Herearethebooksyouordered.
Revision:Thebooksyouorderedhavearrived.
二、多用語(yǔ)意具體的動(dòng)詞,保持句意簡(jiǎn)潔明了。例如:
1、Poor:Mysupervisorwentpastmydesk.
Better:Mysupervisorsauntered&
雅思英語(yǔ)寫作技巧:怎樣使句子多樣化
nbsp;(=walkedslowly)pastmydesk.
2、Poor:Sheisacarefulshopper.
Better:Shecomparespricesandquality.
三、盡量運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
1、Weak:Theorganizationhasbeensupportedbycharity.
Better:Charityhassupportedtheorganization.
2、Weak:Thebiscuitswerestackedonaplate.
Better:Motherstackedthebiscuitsonaplate.
四、防止使用語(yǔ)意冗長(zhǎng)累贅的詞語(yǔ)。例如:
1、Wordy:Mylittlesisterhasapreferenceforchocolatemilk.
Improved:Mylittlesisterpreferschocolatemilk.
2、Wordy:Weareinreceiptofyourletterandintendtofollowyourrecommendations.
Improved:Wehavereceivedyourletterandintendedtofollowyourrecommendation.
3、Redundant:Wehadaseriouscrisisatschoolyesterdaywhenourchemistrylaboratorycaughtfire.
Improved:Wehadacrisisatschoolyesterdaywhenourchemistrylaboratorycaughtfire.
4、Redundant:MysisterandIboughtthesame,identicaldressindifferentstores.
Improved:MysisterandIboughtthesamedressindifferentstores.
五、杜絕濫用陳舊詞語(yǔ)或難懂的專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。例如:
1、Weak:Theywillnotagreetohisproposalsinanyshapeorform.
Improved:Theywillnotagreetoanyofhisproposals.
2、Weak:IneedherfinancialinputbeforeIcanguesstimateourexpendituresnextfall.
Improved:IneedherfinancialfiguresbeforeIcanestimateourexpendituresnextfall
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