關(guān)于句子類別的英語(yǔ)講義
就結(jié)構(gòu)而言,英語(yǔ)句子有4類:簡(jiǎn)單句(the simple sentence),并列句(the compound sentence);復(fù)雜句(the complex sentence);并列復(fù)雜句(the compound-complex sentence)。
只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)(subject)和謂語(yǔ)(predicate)的句子,叫簡(jiǎn)單句。兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句,由等立連詞(coordinating conjunction)and, or, but, so, for等連接的句子,叫并列句。例如:
、 You can go there and see the manager.
② I like reading, but she likes singing.
③ Take it or leave it.
由一個(gè)主句(main clause)和至少一個(gè)從屬分句(也稱從句, (subordinate clause)合成的.句子,叫復(fù)雜句。根據(jù)性質(zhì)和功能,從句有3種,即:㈠ 名詞從句(the noun clause);㈡形容詞從句(也稱定語(yǔ)從句, the adjective clause, or the relative clause );㈢副詞從句(也稱狀語(yǔ)從句, the adverb clause)。
如果一句里有兩個(gè)或以上的并列句,再加上至少一個(gè)從屬分句,這種句子就是并列復(fù)雜句。
從屬分句的共同點(diǎn)是,它們都要由從屬連詞(subordinating conjunction)引導(dǎo)而出。
名詞從句主要由That引導(dǎo),如:
④ He told me that he was unwell yesterday.
、 That China is a big country cannot be denied.